Sunday, May 17, 2020
Movie Review Two Movies - 1519 Words
Two movies base on comic books written in 1963 and 2008. The Avengers first written in 1963 then made it to the theater in 2012, is a group of superheroes brought together to save the world. The Guardians of the Galaxy first appeared in 2008, later made into a movie in 2014 is a group of scavengers and killers work together to save the galaxy. Both movies were action packed and filled with humor and story. The character’s interaction with each other, the humor, and animation were written very well into the movie. The Avengers is made up of six people and one leader that doesn’t fight with them: Thor, Iron Man aka Tony Stark, Captain America aka Steve Rogers, Hulk aka Bruce Banner, Black Widow aka Natalia Romanova or Natasha Romanoff, Hawkeye aka Clint Barton, and Nick Fury. Nick Fury works for a secret organization called S.H.I.E.L.D. that very few people know about including the government. He makes the decisions with the restrictions made by the council of four government officials that know about the agency. He pulls together these secret agents and superheroes to defend against the villain Loki, who has the tesseract, a shining blue cube that can create a portal to the other side of the universe. The council is against this decision, but it is urgent so they let him do it anyways. Each character has their own style of doing things and personalities that makes it hard for the team to work together at first. As the movie goes on they start to like each other more. After aShow MoreRel atedLiterature Review Of The Movie Industry989 Words  | 4 PagesLiterature Review Much research has been undertaken into predicting movie box office revenue and success. Although the literature covers a varied range of research, this review will focus on the collection of movie data, techniques used to predict box office revenue and success, findings and results that have been found and benefits of movie box office revenue and success. 3.1 Movie industry The movie industry has grown massively over the last few decades. Worldwide, the movie industry isRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Hot Fuzz933 Words  | 4 Pagesreason. They aren’t meant to be taken seriously. Comedic films have provided entertainment to the people of the world for years. They are the go-to method form of comic relief and is valued greatly in the world. A great example of this would be the movie, Hot Fuzz. Directed by Edgar Wright and released on March 14, 2007, Hot Fuzz is about a London police officer, Nicholas Angel, who is very good at his job and is â€Å"too good†for London, and is reassigned to a quiet town called, â€Å"Sandford†. In this townRead MoreSuperhero Comics : The Age Of Marvel Essay1411 Words  | 6 PagesSuperhero movies have become increasingly popular over the past two decades. From the success of comic book adaption movies such as Batman in 1989, the 21st century could arguably be called the age of superhero movies. Nowadays, comic book companies such as Marvel and DC Comics are making much more money from motion pictures than from actual comic books. As University of Calgary professor Bart Beaty (2016) states, â€Å"†¦ it has become clear that [superhero comic books] are no longer a significant popularRead MoreLove, Hate, and Temptation1560 Words  | 6 PagesConfessions of A Marriage Counselor. This is Perry’s 15th movie, which he both wrote and directed. This film, like all of Perry-made movie, gratifies values of the African-American church-going audience. Perry grew up in New Orleans, La. Perry’s childhood was full of hard times, but was soothed by church attendance with his mother. His father, Emmitt Perry Sr. was a carpenter. The family makeup included Perry senior’s wife, Maxine, two daughters, and two sons, one named Emmitt Tyler Perry Jr. As a youngRead MoreToy Story 3 Review1135 Words  | 5 Pagesfind a way out. Where the first two Toy Story installments served as rescue movies, with characters nobly putting themselves in danger to save their friends from harm, this one instead follows the jailbreak genre. Perhaps the most fascinating part of Toy Story 3 is not its plot, but its ability to target all audiences. Like the first two movies in the trilogy, Toy Story 3 is appealing for young viewers worldwide. In fact, it is the epitome of a children’s movie, a film about toys. Since theRead MoreThe Audience About James Stuart Blackton Revolutionized The Film Industry833 Words  | 4 Pagesmotion film revolutionized the film industry by helping grow the movie industry and inspiring new types of movies and services. Introduction: I. Attention-Getter: Blackton interviewed Thomas Edison in 1895; this created an interest in film for Blackton. A year later Blackton and his partner Albert E. Smith created their own film company called Vitagraph. A year after Vitagraph was formed they produced their first movie. Today the movie industry is a multi-billion dollar industry in the U.S. and globallyRead MoreHollywood Writers And Directors Do Not Have Essay1262 Words  | 6 Pagesresponsibility to avoid stereotyping ethnic characters A successful movie is decided by gross revenue of the movie. Most writers and directors base on the world s histories, the reality society, and the favorite people s style to make their successful movies. Indeed, the writers are responsible for writing the script. Once they have handed over the script that is pretty much the end of their creative involvement with the movie. The directors control film s artistic and dramatic aspects, and visualizesRead MoreThe Breakfast Club Jaws And Star Wars Analysis1368 Words  | 6 PagesThey have become iconic in the film industry, and culturally consecrated by society. The films society deems worthy of such a recognition have shifted over the years, due to how society has shifted. Due to their popularity, it raises the question if movies which involve superheros could ever rise to such a title. If they can, which ones would be able to hold this honor? All of them? Only a select few that hold a strong following? Wonder Woman, one of the newes t superhero films from Warner Brothers andRead MoreArt in Raw Form1434 Words  | 6 PagesArt in Raw Form The movie industry is for entertainment purposes. For many people, going to the movies is an escape; time to sit back and become someone else. However, once in a rare moment then a movie comes out that is not just foe entertainment and dares to address a controversial issue. â€Å"The Blind Side†and â€Å"Precious†are two movies that I was very surprised at my reaction to them. My reasons for wanting to see both movies were as different as night and day. I went to see the â€Å"BlindRead MoreThe Lord of the Rings directed by Peter Jackson Essay927 Words  | 4 PagesInspirational Film A cultural product that inspires me is the film trilogy The Lord of the Rings, which was directed by Peter Jackson. This movie gave me inspiration because of how beautiful and well put together the film was. It made me want to be involved with the process of how great films are made. According to Wikipedia, â€Å"Jackson knew he wanted to bring the movie to the big screen, and was curious to why nobody decided to do so.†He wanted to take advantage of the new technology, and create a fantasy
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Segregation and the Civil Rights Movement Essay - 1651 Words
Protest against injustice is deeply rooted in the African American experience. The origins of the civil rights movement date much further back than the 1954 Supreme Court ruling on Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka which said, separate but equal schools violated the Constitution. From the earliest slave revolts in this country over 400 years ago, African Americans strove to gain full participation in every aspect of political, economic and social life in the United States. Segregation was an attempt by white Southerners to separate the races in every sphere of life and to achieve supremacy over blacks. Segregation was often called the Jim Crow system, after a minstrel show character from the 1830s that was an old,†¦show more content†¦One of the cases against segregated rail travel was Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), in which the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that separate but equal accommodations were constitutional. However, in 1952, the Supreme Court heard a number of school-segregation cases, including Brown v. Board of Topeka, Kansas. It decided unanimously in 1954 that segregation was unconstitutional, overthrowing the 1869 Plessy v. Ferguson ruling that had set the separate but equal precedent. As desegregation progresses, the membership of the Ku Klux Klan (KKK) grew. The KKK used violence or threats against anyone who was suspected of favoring desegregation or black civil rights. Klan terror, including intimidation and murder, was widespread in the South in the 1950s and 1960s, though Klan activities were not always reported in the media. One terrorist act that did receive national attention was the murder of Emmit Till, 14-year-old black boy slain in Mississippi by whites who believed he had flirted with a white woman. The trial and acquittal of the men accuse of Tills murder were covered in the national media, demonstrating the continuing racial bigotry of Southern whites. To protest segregation, blacks created new nation al organizations. The National Afro-American League was formed in 1890; the Niagra Movement in 1905; and National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909. In 1910,Show MoreRelatedThe Civil Rights Movement And Segregation1759 Words  | 8 PagesThis world would not be what it is today without the amazing people who fought for what it has become.We used to live in a world of segregation and discrimination. If it wasn t for the Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â à ‚                                                                                                                                                                                    Read MoreRacial Segregation And The Civil Rights Movement837 Words  | 4 Pagesâ€Å"The civil rights movement was based on faith. Many of us who were participants in this movement saw our involvement as an extension of our faith. We saw ourselves doing the work of the Alm ighty. Segregation and racial discrimination were not in keeping with our faith, so we had to do something.†Although today we may not see it as often, segregation was a very big problem throughout our country in the late 1800s and the early 1900s. Over time it didn’t get better, it got worse. Around the year ofRead MoreRacial Segregation And The Civil Rights Movement1550 Words  | 7 PagesGrowing up in rural Mississippi during a time of racial segregation Anne Moody had experiences that were extremely different then other children at the time. The gender-based and economic hardships she faced were factors that played a role in her experiences as a child. Her childhood experiences shaped her views and actions as she was fighting against the racial inequality in her home state and her views on racism as a whole in America. Her childhood and high school years were a series of eventsRead MoreAfrican Americans and Segregation: The Civil Rights Movement1307 Words  |à ‚ 6 Pagesconstantly reminded of how unworthy you were. How far would you go to be looked upon as an equal? Throughout the 1950s, African Americans experienced things that made them who they were – angry Americans. They encountered racial discrimination, segregation, and unequal opportunities. Within the play Fences, by August Wilson, we can see just how the play exemplifies what is happening in the world around them. African Americans experienced the hatred of the whites everywhere they went and soon it wasRead MoreRacial Segregation And The Civil Rights Movement1407 Words  | 6 Pagesthe United States could not understand how it was possible that, even in light of the concessions made during the Civil Rights Movement, members of black communities were listening to funk and embracing their own racial identity rather than considering themselves American. In the eyes of many, the times of racial division had ended with the laws passed during the Civil Rights Movement. From this followed the belief that since everyone was allegedly equal, any effort to differentiate on the basisRead MoreRacial Segregation During The 1960 s Civil Rights Movement Essay2048 Words  | 9 PagesA primary technique used to overcome racial segregation during the 1960’s Civil Rights Movement in the United States was direct action. One of the most influential leaders of the Civil Rights Movement was Martin Lu ther King Junior who is known for his use of nonviolent direct action, which often entailed the violation of laws as an act of civil disobedience. On April 16, 1963, King composed his â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,†where he accepted the consequences for his disobedience against the BirminghamRead MoreHidden Figures By Margot Lee Shetterly Segregation / Civil Rights Movement1402 Words  | 6 Pagesexample: segregation. Segregation was the discrimination of colored people and being separated from the white community. It occurred from 1619-1954. During this time, all facilities were segregated and colored (Black, latina, Indian, etc.) people were given poorer treatment than white people, and everything was segregated, from buses to schools to water fountains/bathrooms. Segregation was portrayed in two books. The book Hidden Figures by Margot Lee Shetterly represents segregation/Civil Rights MovementRead MoreHidden Figures By Margot Lee Shetterly Segregation / Civil Right s Movement1288 Words  | 6 Pagesexample: segregation. Segregation was the discrimination of colored people and being separated from the white community. This time period, the 1960’s, was shown in both Hidden Figures and The Help. The book Hidden Figures by Margot Lee Shetterly represents segregation/Civil Rights Movement as a nonfictional story about three black women who strive to be engineers at the Langley lab in Virginia and their efforts to get there. However, The Help by Kathryn Stockett represents segregation/Civil Rights MovementRead MoreHidden Figures By Margot Lee Shetterly Segregation / Civil Rights Movement1347 Words  | 6 Pagesexample: segregation. Segregation was the discrimination of colored people and being separated from the white community. This time period, the 1960’s, was shown in both Hidden Figures and The Help. The book Hidden Figures by Margot Lee Shetterly represents segregation/Civil Rights Movement as a nonfictional story about thre e black woman who strive to be engineers at the Langley lab in Virginia and their efforts to get there. However, The Help by Kathryn Stockett represents segregation/Civil Rights MovementRead MoreThe Time Periods Of Jim Crow Segregation, The Civil Rights Movement And Desegregation1924 Words  | 8 PagesShe was born in 1945, and she is a white American woman. This paper will be discussing the time periods of Jim Crow segregation, the Civil Rights Movement and desegregation. Jim Crow segregation began during the late 1800’s and continued on until about the 1960’s. It was a time of racial tension and inequality. Many southern states of the time would enforce local laws of segregation on African Americans, which would separate them from the whites in public places such as schools, restaurants, trains
Three-step authentication for ATM-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com
Questions: 1. Examples of confidentiality, integrity and availability requirements associated ATM machines describing the degree of importance for each requirement. 2. Calculation for the maximum number of PINs that the thief might have to enter before correctly discovering a customers PIN. 3. Three reasons why people may be reluctant to use biometrics and ways to counter those objections. 4. Description of two circumstances where false negatives are significantly more serious than false positives. 5. One way that a piece of cipher text can be determined quickly if it was likely a result of a transposition. Deciphering the plain text for the Caeser cypher NTJWKHXK AMK WWUJJYZTX MWKXZKUHE with key 234 that George wanted to send his employees. Answers: 1.Automated Teller Machines or ATMs have become one of the integral parts of a common mass nowadays. It has made lives easier with the ready availability of cash in case of an emergency or by making people travel safely going cashless (Sharma, Misra Misra, 2014). However, Automated Teller Machines or ATMs express the examples of confidentiality, integrity and availability. These examples would be further described with the degree of importance for each as below: Confidentiality: A customer uses the unique access PINs or Personal Identification Numbers to access their personal bank accounts using ATM cards. Therefore, it is natural that a customer expects the PIN to be extremely confidential in every transaction made between the host system and the bank server along the line of communication (Bachu, 2017). The degree of importance for this requirement is very high since a PIN should be appropriately encrypted otherwise it may lose the level of confidentiality is it supposed to possess. Otherwise, there is a chance that the account could be compromised. Integrity: Integrity of an Automatic Teller Machine or ATM is only maintained when the customers expectation of zero malevolent or inadvertent changes in his or her transactions is sustained (Katz Lindell, 2014). The degree of importance of having integrity in ATM machines should be high since it directly affects a customers personal account while transactions are happening. Availability: ATM machines have become a necessity and it has now become a need. It is not always possible for a customer to rush to a nearby bank to access account details or withdraw cash. It is even possible a bank holiday has occurred when a customer is in dire necessity of instant cash. The degree of importance of the availability of ATM machines is even necessary for the banks since it would increase the economic growth of a bank. Therefore, it is necessary that an ATM should be made available at almost all times. 2.The thief was able to jam the card reader and five keys of the Automated Teller Machine. Therefore, there are four keys left for guessing the password of the person who had a successful transaction after the forgery was done. The number of keys left = 4 The maximum number of PINs that the thief would require to guess the correct PIN of the customer who had a successful transaction would be the permutation of the total number of keys and the number of combinations that the keys can deliver, that is, 5!/(5-4)! The result equals to 120 times. Therefore, the thief has to enter a maximum of 120 times before guessing the correct PIN. 3.Biometric systems require the intimate details of the behaviour and body determinants of a person because these attributes are unique to a person. Therefore, it is necessary to keep in mind the cultural, legal as well as the social contexts before deploying a biometric system (Ketab, Clarke Dowland, 2016). Due to the infiltration of these intimate details, many people display reluctance in using biometric systems. The social issues that may form an obligation for using biometric can be manifold. A person may find it unsafe to give away their photographs or face attributes for this system for they may have doubt about these information to be used for some unauthorized activity. Some may even have obligations to give away their face details because of any deformity present in their face, such as burn marks or scars. In some cultures, there may be a prime significance of long nails, but having those limits a person to place their fingers in the biometric system for fingerprint details. Moreover, it is beyond the moral rights of a person to ask for these intimate details about any person without their consent since maintaining privacy of intimate data is a lawful right. Countering these objections to make people use the biometric systems can either be done by evoking the fear of violating law or by making people understand the discrete nature of the information that is recorded through this system for the unique identification attributes of each person. This may counter the cultural and legal obligations. It is important that people be made to understand the fact that the use of biometric is absolutely safe as it is encrypted at a firmware level that it is device specific and information stored can never be duplicated from one device to another 4.False negatives are the situations when a system denies a condition when it has existence, where on the other hand, false positives are the situations where system accepts a condition even if it has no existence in real. In biometrics, false positives are more severe than the false positives. For example, if a biometric system does not acknowledge the fingerprint of authorized personnel as permeable, the incident is a false positive issue that is still manageable (Martinovic et al., 2017). However, accepting the biometrics of an unauthorized malicious person is a false negative case, which has the potential to wreck havoc in the system. Again, in another case if a person installs a biometric lock in a safe but the false positive situation do not allow his identification as authorized is hazardous but safer than the situation where it allows a thief the access to open the lock in a false negative situation (Eberz et al., 2017). This is a much more dangerous situation when the thief would be provided with the facility of the safe being opened and his job to be completed. 5.Transposition is a method of encryption that is different from the other models as this system deals with the permutation of the position of a plaintext (Pandey Verma, 2015). Many techniques are followed to encrypt a text in the transposition method. One of them is the reverse order method that explains a cipher text decryption easily (Konheim, 2016). For example, a reverse order cipher text written in transposition as LUFITUAEB SI DLROW EHT can be easily and quickly deciphered in reverse order as THE WORLD IS BEAUTIFUL. Solution Encrypted Text N T J W K H X K Corresponding numeric value 14 20 10 23 11 8 24 11 Key 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 Decoded from the substitution cipher 12 17 6 21 8 4 22 8 Caeser cipher shift 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Decoded from the caeser cipher 9 14 3 18 5 1 19 5 Decoded Text I N C R E A S E Encrypted Text A M K Corresponding numeric value 1 13 11 Key 4 2 3 Decoded from the substitution cipher 23 11 8 Caeser cipher shift 3 3 3 Decoded from the Caeser cipher 20 8 5 Decoded Text T H E Encrypted Text W W U J J Y Z T X Corresponding numeric value 23 23 21 10 10 25 26 20 24 Key 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 Decoded from the substitution cipher 19 21 21 6 8 22 22 18 21 Caeser cipher shift 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Decoded from the Caesar cipher 16 18 18 3 5 19 19 15 18 Decoded Text P R O C E S S O R Encrypted Text M W K X Z K U H E Corresponding numeric value 13 23 11 24 26 11 21 8 5 Key 4 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 Decoded from the substitution cipher 9 21 8 20 24 8 17 6 2 Caeser cipher shift 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Decoded from the Caesar cipher 6 18 5 17 21 5 14 3 Decoded Text F R E Q U E N C Y Therefore, the plain text that George had sent his employees was INCREASE THE PROCESSOR FREQUENCY References Bachu, S. (2017). Three-step authentication for ATMs. Eberz, S., Rasmussen, K. B., Lenders, V., Martinovic, I. (2017, April). Evaluating behavioral biometrics for continuous authentication: Challenges and metrics. InProceedings of the 2017 ACM on Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security(pp. 386-399). ACM. Katz, J., Lindell, Y. (2014).Introduction to modern cryptography. CRC press. Ketab, S. S., Clarke, N. L., Dowland, P. S. (2016). The Value of the Biometrics in Invigilated E-Assessments. Konheim, A. G. (2016). Automated teller machines: their history and authentication protocols.Journal of Cryptographic Engineering,6(1), 1-29. Martinovic, I., Rasmussen, K., Roeschlin, M., Tsudik, G. (2017). Authentication using pulse-response biometrics.Communications of the ACM,60(2), 108-115. Pandey, R. M., Verma, V. K. (2015). Data Security using Various Cryptography Techniques: A recent Survey. Sharma, A., Misra, P. K., Misra, P. (2014). A Security Measure for Electronic Business Applications.International Journal of Computer Applications,102(7).
Monday, April 20, 2020
Sacrifice Within The Israelite Religion Essays - Book Of Leviticus
Sacrifice Within The Israelite Religion The primary religious rituals of Israelite religion involved sacrifices and offerings. The ritual system within the Israelite cult evolved around gifts and offerings that were presented before Yahweh. In examining the book of Leviticus, the sacrificial system of the Israelites can be identified. It is this sacrificial system that was handed down by God through Moses that allowed the people of Israel to cross over the gap between their own weaknesses and corruption to the expectations presented by God. Sacrifices symbolized an acknowledgement of guilt and a need for divine grace and forgiveness. Understanding the Israelite Cult The Israelite cult is set apart from other cults in that the people were bound together to worship one God. ?The distinctiveness of the Israelite cult is nothing other than the limitation of cultic activity to one particular patron deity? (Anderson, 1987;3). The cult's foundation of worship centered on those sacrificial gifts and offerings that were given to Yahweh. In addition, the Israelite cults were village centered. In the beginning of the 12th century BC, settlements on the hill country of Judea and Ephraim began to increase in number and density. The farming that took place on these hills allowed Israelites to gain an independent economy from surrounding cult economies (Anderson, 1987;23). Sacrifice within the social context can be transgressed into two aspects, one relating to the offender, and the other being the offended one, God. ?If individuals entered a state incongruent with good relations with God, they had to undergo rites to restore them to a normative status? (Davies, 1985;155). Thus the sacrifice encompassed this social dimension. The part played by God in the social lives of man and the action of his divinity. The Meaning of the Sacrificial Ritual Man's very nature is sinful and redemption during this time was found in the rituals that they performed. It served as a medium between the people and God as a means of redemption for their sins. Sacrificial rituals were the mechanism by which disruptions within God's world were acknowledged and made right. ?A complete act of worship implies not merely that the worshipper comes into the presence of god with gestures of homage and words of prayer, but also that he lays before the deity some material oblation? (Smith, 1996:43). Thus, sacrifices created a ritual framework within the community, providing the Israelites with a system of order in their society. Sacrifices often took place within the temple. The tabernacle itself was established to be a place of communion between God and Israel. Here the rituals performed to God revealed not only their guilt offerings but it also was where God revealed his will anew to Israel. The physical structure here is important. The tabernacle is the threshold by which the ?transition from normal to abnormal, this world to other? is consecrated (Leach, 1985:144). The altar was a gateway to the world of God through which offerings could be made but also the channel through which the power of God is visible to man (Lev 9:24, 10:2). Sacrifices defined Defining the sacrificial rituals is complex. Some sacrifices were part of the daily rituals and considered voluntary. Other sacrifices took on deeper meaning and were considered compulsory, or to be performed on more special occasions. Nelson breaks down sacrifices into three separate categories: status maintenance rituals, status reversal rituals, and status elevation rituals (Nelson, 1993:55). All three categories share the same common practice of transference over some type of boundary. Maintenance rituals were intended to keep the daily life of the Israelite in equilibrium and to prevent disorder from occurring within the community or households (Nelson, 1993;55). The Day of Atonement, for example, was a day of rest where the people kept Sabbath and under the provisions of the Lord were not to perform any work during that day (Lev 23). The reversal rituals were designed to restore affairs to their proper condition by reversing impurity into purity and guilt into innocence. The cleansing ritual of the Leper transferred the individual from the unclean to the clean again prior to their entrance back into society (Lev 14). ?The elaborate anointing which follows the healing served to remove the person from his status of seclusion into a position of
Sunday, March 15, 2020
Biography of Sam Houston, Founding Father of Texas
Biography of Sam Houston, Founding Father of Texas Sam Houston (March 2, 1793–July 26, 1863) was an American frontiersman, soldier, and politician. As commander of the forces fighting for Texas’ independence, he routed the Mexican troops at the Battle of San Jacinto, which essentially won the struggle. Over his long career, he was a successful and effective statesman, serving as congressman and governor of Tennessee and the first and third president of the Republic of Texas, before becoming a U.S. senator and governor for the state of Texas. Fast Facts: Sam Houston Known For: After winning the Battle of San Jacinto, which effectively won the Texas War of Independence, Houston was the founding statesman of Texas, serving as the first president of the Republic of Texas, then a U.S. senator and governor for the state of Texas.Born: March 2, 1793 in Rockbridge County, VirginiaParents: Samuel Houston and Elizabeth (Paxton) HoustonDied: July 26, 1863 in Huntsville, TexasEducation: Minimal formal education, self-taught, founded Cherokee school, read law in Nashville under Judge James TrimblePositions and Offices: Attorney general for Nashville Tennessee, U.S. congressman for Tennessee, governor of Tennessee, major general of the Texas Army, first and third president of the Republic of Texas, U.S. senator for Texas, governor of TexasSpouse(s): Eliza Allen, Diana Rogers Gentry, Margaret Moffette LeaChildren: With Margaret Moffette Lea: Sam Houston, Jr., Nancy Elizabeth, Margaret, Mary William, Antoinette Power, Andrew Jackson Houston, William Rogers, Te mple Lea HoustonNotable Quote: Texas has yet to learn submission to any oppression, come from what source it may. Early Life Houston was born in Virginia in 1793 to a middle-class family of farmers. They went West early, settling in Tennessee- which was, at that time, part of the western frontier. While still a teenager, he ran off and lived among the Cherokee for a few years, learning their language and their ways. He took a Cherokee name for himself: Colonneh, which means Raven. Houston enlisted in the American army for the War of 1812, serving in the west under Andrew Jackson. He distinguished himself for heroism at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend against the Red Sticks, Creek followers of Tecumseh. Early Political Rise and Fall Houston soon established himself as a rising political star. He had allied himself closely to Andrew Jackson, who in turn came to see Houston as a protà ©gà ©. Houston ran first for Congress and then for governor of Tennessee. As a close Jackson ally, he won easily. His own charisma, charm, and presence also had a great deal to do with his success. It all came crashing down in 1829, however, when his new marriage fell apart. Devastated, Houston resigned as governor and headed west. Sam Houston Goes to Texas Houston made his way to Arkansas, where he lost himself in alcoholism. He lived among the Cherokee and established a trading post. He returned to Washington on behalf of the Cherokee in 1830 and again in 1832. On the 1832 trip, he challenged anti-Jackson Congressman William Stanberry to a duel. When Stanberry refused to accept the challenge, Houston attacked him with a walking stick. He was eventually censured by Congress for this action. After the Stanberry affair, Houston was ready for a new adventure, so he went to Texas, where he had purchased some land on speculation. He was also charged with reporting to Jackson about the political climate and events in Texas. War Breaks out in Texas On October 2, 1835, hotheaded Texan rebels in the town of Gonzales fired on Mexican troops who had been sent to retrieve a cannon from the town. These were the first shots of the Texas Revolution. Houston was delighted: by then, he was convinced that Texas separation from Mexico was inevitable and that the fate of Texas lay in independence or statehood in the United States. He was elected head of the Nacogdoches militia and would eventually be appointed major general of all Texan forces. It was a frustrating post, as there was little money for paid soldiers and the volunteers were hard to manage. The Battle of the Alamo and the Goliad Massacre Sam Houston felt that the city of San Antonio and the Alamo fortress were not worth defending. There were too few troops to do so, and the city was too far from the rebels east Texas base. He ordered Jim Bowie to destroy the Alamo and evacuate the city. Instead, Bowie fortified the Alamo and set up defenses. Houston received dispatches from Alamo commander William Travis, begging for reinforcements, but he could not send them as his army was in disarray. On March 6, 1835, the Alamo fell. All 200 or so defenders fell with it. More bad news was on the way, however: on March 27, 350 rebel Texan prisoners were executed at Goliad. The Battle of San Jacinto The Alamo and Goliad cost the rebels dearly in terms of numbers of soldiers and morale. Houstons army was finally ready to take the field, but he still had only about 900 soldiers, far too few to take on General Santa Annas Mexican army. He dodged Santa Anna for weeks, drawing the ire of the rebel politicians, who called him a coward. In mid-April 1836, Santa Anna unwisely divided his army. Houston caught up with him near the San Jacinto River. Houston surprised everyone by ordering an attack on the afternoon of April 21. The surprise was complete and the battle was a total rout with 700 Mexican soldiers killed, about half of the total. The other Mexican soldiers were captured, including General Santa Anna. Although most of the Texans wanted to execute Santa Anna, Houston did not permit it. Santa Anna soon signed a treaty recognizing Texas independence which effectively ended the war. President of Texas Although Mexico would subsequently make several half-hearted attempts to re-take Texas, independence was essentially sealed. Houston was elected the first president of the Republic of Texas in 1836. He became president again in 1841. He was a very good president, attempting to make peace with Mexico and the Native Americans who inhabited Texas. Mexico invaded twice in 1842 and Houston always worked for a peaceful solution; only his unquestioned status as a war hero kept more bellicose Texans from open conflict with Mexico. Later Political Career Texas was admitted to the United States in 1845. Houston became a senator from Texas, serving until 1859, at which time he became governor of Texas. The nation was wrestling with the slavery issue at the time and Houston was an active participant in the debate, opposing secession. He proved a wise statesman, working always toward peace and compromise. He stepped down as governor in 1861 after the Texas legislature voted to secede from the Union and join the Confederacy. It was a difficult decision, but he made it because he believed that the South would lose the war and that the violence and cost would be for naught. Death Sam Houston rented the Steamboat House in Huntsville, Texas in 1862. His health took a downturn in 1862 with a cough that turned into pneumonia. He died on July 26, 1863, and is buried in Huntsville. The Legacy of Sam Houston The life story of Sam Houston is a gripping tale of rapid rise, fall, and redemption. His second, greatest ascent was remarkable. When Houston came west he was a broken man, but he still had just enough prior fame to immediately take an important role in Texas. A one-time war hero, he prevailed again at the Battle of San Jacinto. His wisdom in sparing the life of the defeated Santa Anna is considered to have been crucial to sealing Texas independence. Through this second rapid rise, Houston was able to put his more recent troubles behind him and become the great man that had seemed to be his fate as a young man. Later, Houston governed Texas with great wisdom. In his career as a senator from Texas, he made many prescient observations about the Civil War that he feared was on the nations horizon. Today, many Texans consider him among the greatest heroes of their independence movement. The city of Houston is named after him, as are countless streets, parks, and schools. Sources Brands, H.W. Lone Star Nation: The Epic Story of the Battle for Texas Independence. Anchor Books, 2004.Henderson, Timothy J. A Glorious Defeat: Mexico and its War with the United States. Hill and Wang, 2007.Kreneck, Thomas H. â€Å"Houston, Samuel.† The Handbook of Texas Online| Texas State Historical Association (TSHA), 15 June 2010.Sam Houston Memorial Museum.
Friday, February 28, 2020
Comparing two pathways,Nussbaum's and McConnell's to tolerance and Essay
Comparing two pathways,Nussbaum's and McConnell's to tolerance and world peace - Essay Example On the other hand, McConnell in Don’t neglect the Little Platoons agree to the fact that moral education is needed in schools, but it such learning has to start with affection towards those close to us, and then spread outwards. According to McConnell, humanity is too abstract at large. Therefore, the strong patriotism in U.S citizens and its affirmation of universal norms of justice should not be viewed as to oppose cosmopolitanism, but have to be treated as a positive step towards it. Therefore, there is need for children to learn to love the good; religion would play an active role in facilitating this learning. Therefore, though the two writers had similar sentiments, their differences were on how cosmopolitanism had to be approached. The former advocated for an outward -Inward approach, while the latter advocated for an inward-outward orientation. ... In other words, McConnell asserts that without having a solid attachment and establishing stronger bonds through understanding those closer to you, one cannot purport to extend such understanding and loyalty to those far away from home. Similarly, Nussbaum a proponent of world citizenship agreed to this assertion by McConnell. Nussbaum agrees on the assertion that it was reasonable and good for one to be identified with a particular family, religion, political party, or any other body that offers a sense of belonging to ensure one achieves true identity and is able to appreciate others.3 Personal identity therefore according to the two writers comes first in promoting any type of citizenry. The difference between the two writers is portrayed in the way they approach the issue of cosmopolitanism from two different perspectives. Nussbaum believes that there are many benefits in embracing cosmopolitan education for the local concerns at home. Therefore, American students by critically e xamining the world, they would be in a better chance to learn about their own country and other undertakings, such different child rearing approaches, and that a two nuclear parent family does not function as a pervasive style of children rearing in the current world.4 Nussbaum explains the many advantages achievable in cosmopolitan education, and which can be used in formulating a better life for the American children, and help them become more responsible adults who have a deeper understanding of problems in other countries, and who can stand up for the sake of humanity globally. In other words, one has to learn many other things before one is in a position to
Tuesday, February 11, 2020
Annotated Bibliography for Structure and Strategy Essay
Annotated Bibliography for Structure and Strategy - Essay Example It also provides useful tips that could be put into practice by leaders and managers regarding designing organizations that allow for creativity as well as flexibility. According to the article, leaders are able to realize that the ability of organizations to succeed in the current environment is dependent on the ability of the business to adapt its systems, structures as well as processes. This will enable the organization to venture into new markets and it will still be able to expand the existing ones. Organizational design therefore is a critical determinant of an organization’s strategic competitive advantage. Information provided in the article will enable a business leader to identify situations where an organization design is required and also provides some guidelines that may assist in redesign. Authors of the article have provided guidance on how to develop the appropriate design for an organization as well as the steps that can be followed in order to avoid the comm on issue of outmoded organizational designs. Case examples from different organizations have been outlined and this further impacts business leaders with skills. ... The article also suggests that leaders will have to play huge roles in organization designing efforts. Innovation-point.com. (2010). Strategy-Structure Alignment. Retrieved from http://www.innovation-point.com/Strategy-Structure%20Alignment.pdf This article aims at increasing strategic thinking abilities of the readers as it exposes them to a wide range of perspectives and theories. The article contains theories, frameworks, models and perspectives that have been clustered around strategy- structure issue in management. It also provides key aspects with which managers must deal with in their practice of management. This article is decision- oriented as it provides managers with key decisions that they have to implement in their practice for them to be effective managers as well as decision makers. Readers are provided with a challenge of looking at the strategic- structure issue from different aspects and perspectives. This article encourages a reader to engage and it also provokes c ritical thinking. Managers are required to identify the strengths and weakness of the strategy- structure issue and this will enable them to develop a better understanding of the problems experienced. The article therefore will provide managers with more skills and they will be able to develop innovative methods of solving the problems. The article also outlines the four phases that the strategy- structure follows and provides a clear explanation of what each phase entails. It therefore focuses on giving the reader a clear overview of the structure-structural alignment. The article can therefore be said to be based on an assumption that the reader has a need of developing skills that will enable him/her
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